Prevalence of rat and mouse sensitization in Asian patients with respiratory allergy

Panipak Temboonnark,¹ Mongkhon Sompornrattanaphan,² Witchaya Srisuwatchari,¹ Punchama Pacharn,¹ Orathai Jirapongsananuruk,¹ Nualanong Visitsunthorn¹

¹ Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
² Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract

Background: Skin prick test (SPT) is useful in identifying rat and mouse sensitization.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of rat and mouse sensitization by using local and commercial allergen extracts.
Methods: Patients with allergic rhinitis or asthma were recruited. SPT of local and commercial rat and mouse allergen extracts were performed. The level of rat and mouse specific IgE (sIgE) was quantified in all patients with positive SPT and randomized patients with negative SPT.
Results: Two hundred and thirty patients, 108 male (47%) and median age 14 years (3.2-63.5 years), were enrolled. Rat sensitization by SPT was 11.7% and mouse sensitization was 17.8%. SPT result to local rat and commercial rat allergen extracts were moderately correlated (r_s = 0.51, p < 0.001), while SPT result to local mouse and commercial mouse allergen extracts showed low correlation (r_s = 0.38, p < 0.001). The concordance of SPT results between local rat and commercial rat allergen extracts was 90.4%. Concordance between the local mouse and commercial mouse allergen extracts was 85.2%. When compared with rat and mouse sIgE, the concordance of local rat, commercial rat and commercial mouse allergen extract were > 80% while that of local mouse was 54.4%. No adverse effect was observed in SPT with any allergen or extract.
Conclusions: The prevalence of rat and mouse sensitization was low compared to the study in USA. SPT with local rat and mouse allergen extract was safe and showed good concordance with the SPT result of commercial allergen extracts and rat and mouse sIgE levels.
Key words: rat, mouse, sensitization, skin prick test, specific IgE, asthma, allergic rhinitis,